Significant wastewater contaminants

Contaminant
Type of wastewater
Effect
a) Biodegradable
organics
Domestic and certain
industrial wastewater
Depletion of oxygen and
development of anaerobic
conditions in receiving water
bodies and land.
b) Pathogens
Domestic wastewater
Water borne diseases
c) Suspended solids
Domestic, industrial
and storm wastewater
Unsightly sludge deposits and
anaerobicity in receiving water
bodies.
d) Nutrients
Domestic and agricultural
wastewater.
Eutrophication of surface waters
and likely contamination of
ground waters.
e) Refractory
organics (eg. Phenols,
surfactants and
agricultural pesticides)
Industrial and agricultural
wastewater.
May cause taste and odor
problems; may be toxic or
carcinogenic and possibility of
biomanification.
f) Heavy metals
Industrial wastewater
Toxicity to aquatic and
terrestrial organisms.
g) Dissolved
inorganics
Increased levels in water
supply by domestic and/
or industrial operations.
Excessive salts may degrade
quality of resource pool,
and interface with effluent reuse.